Backflow risk management: It’s more than just a testing and registration program
There are different kinds of backflow prevention. Peter McLennan breaks them down and explains what goes into each method.
We all know backflow incidents pose a serious threat to water quality and public health. Whether you’re managing a water network, commercial facility, a school camp or a community centre, having a structured approach to backflow prevention and cross-connection control is essential.
One of the most effective ways to build a resilient system is by categorising your risk management activities into five key types: Preventive, detective, reactive, supportive and informative.
Let’s explore what each of these means in the context of cross-connection control—and how they work together to protect your drinking water.
- Preventive: Stopping backflow before it starts
Definition: Activities that stop something from occurring.
Preventive measures are your first line of defence. Understand your water system and what components and potential areas of cross-connection exist. The aim is to eliminate the risk of backflow before it can happen. This includes ensuring that the plumbing system meets code requirements and that the right devices are installed based on the hazard level of each connection.
Example: Change the piping to remove the risk or install a specific cross-connection control device where an actual or potential cross-connection exists (e.g. RPZ valve, double check valve) as per the connection’s hazard rating.
This is critical in preventing contaminants from entering the potable water supply.
- Detective: Spotting trouble early
Definition: Activities that tell you if something is about to occur or has occurred.
Detective activities help you monitor your system and detect early signs of failure or risk. These controls are essential for timely intervention and are often technology or inspection-based.
Example: Implementing a regular program of testing for effective operation in accordance with AS/NZS 2845.3 will indicate failure or issues that may prevent the control from working in the event of a backflow occurrence and provide the ongoing maintenance necessary.
- Reactive: Responding when things go wrong
Definition: Activities that allow you to respond and correct something.
Even with the best preventive and detective systems, incidents can still occur. Reactive activities ensure you’re prepared to respond quickly and effectively to minimise harm.
Example: An incident and emergency management plan that specifically covers backflow incidents, including containment, communication and corrective actions.
- Supportive: Enabling effective risk management
Definition: Activities that support appropriate risk management.
Supportive activities provide the infrastructure and tools needed to manage backflow risks effectively. These systems help ensure that tasks are completed, records are maintained and compliance is achieved. This could include automated reminders for testing and maintenance.
Example: Systems for managing backflow records and documentation are required by AS/NZS 3500.1. By AS/NZS 3500.1 being a Primary reference document in the National Construction Code (NCC), this requirement is elevated to being a mandatory requirement for drinking water systems.
- Informative: Building awareness and accountability
Definition: Activities that increase risk management awareness and the probability of implementation.
Informative activities help embed backflow prevention into the culture of your organisation. They ensure that everyone involved understands their role and the importance of proper backflow control.
Example: Documentation and programs tailored to the end user, such as:
- Backflow testing training programs for plumbing practitioners
- Backflow policies for plumbers and customers
- Backflow awareness training for non-plumbing staff and personnel
- Ongoing skills development/CPD for practitioners
Conclusion: A comprehensive approach to backflow prevention safety
Aligning your backflow management strategy with these five activity types, you will create a system that is not only compliant but also proactive, resilient and well-supported. Each category plays a vital role in ensuring that your water system remains safe, reliable and trusted by those who depend on it.